Acquired von Willebrand Syndrome Review

Here is an open-access review of acquired von Willebrand syndrome from the December, 2025 Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis issue devoted to VWD. Zetterberg E, Strandberg K, Hillarp A, et al. Acquired von Willebrand syndrome: a comprehensive review and a Nordic perspective. Semin Thromb Hemost. 2025. doi: 10.1055/a-2765-9556. PMID: 41429124. Abstract Acquired von Willebrand syndrome […]

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Jun 12 2026

george

FXI Deficiency and LAC

Sacha Uljon, MD, PhD, Medical Director, Core Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, sent this provocative question on 6-10-2026. Hello–just an update. This has been frustrating–others also have issues distinguishing FXI deficiency from LAC. Here is one report available from your medical library: Rabichow L, Dinh J, Nguyen L, Qiao J. In vitro differential inhibition of the […]

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Diagnostic Equity Case: Prolonged PTT

This question was posted on the Diagnostic Equity website on March 5, 2026: “My PT is normal at 12 seconds, but my PTT (aPTT, APTT) is elevated at 72 seconds. I had excessive bleeding after a dental procedure. My hematologist said a mixing study was done and it was corrected, so what does a mixing […]

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Andexanet Alfa Withdrawn from the US Market

Thanks for the heads-up from Dr. Paul Riley, who commented on our December 27, 2025, post, Clinical Research Study: Andexanet Alfa for Enoxaparin Reversal. Here is the press release from AstraZeneca announcing the withdrawal of andexanet alfa from the US market.

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November 2025 QQ Summary: Historic Coag Factor Nomenclature

Our November Quick Question summary about Stuart-Prower Factor, linked to a 2023 article by Dave McGlasson about coagulation factor nomenclature. The summary and McGlasson’s article attracted a comment from Dr. Emmanuel Favaloro, which described the nomenclature of traditional and current VWF activity assays. Dr. Favaloro cited three open-access articles on this topic (click to obtain the […]

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Protein C Concentrate Therapy

To see the open-access results of a primary study about therapeutic PC, click Manco-Johnson M, Brons P, Knoebl P, et al. Real-world use of protein C concentrate for the treatment of patients with protein C deficiency: an international registry. J Thromb Haemost. 2025;23:3569–77. doi: 10.1016/j.jtha.2025.07.018. PMID: 40706962. Abstract Background Published reports on the real-world use […]

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Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura

Click “In Their Blood” for a review article about TTP from the University of Kansas (KU) Medical Center’s Pathology Department. The article highlights the early research into ADAMTS13‘s role in VWF metabolism, the early successes of PLEX therapy, and the current availability of the therapeutics caplacizumab and the ADAMTS13 concentrate, Adzynma. Also featured is the […]

Bleeding Disorders

July 2025 QQ: Hemophilia Rebalancing Therapy

Our July 2025 Quick Question asked, “Which is a hemophilia ‘rebalancing’ therapeutic?” The question attracted a modest 22 participants, perhaps an indication that rebalancing therapy was only FDA-approved in 2025 and awaits approval in Canada and Europe. Here are your responses… Valoctocogene roxaparvovec-rvox (ROCTAVIAN) 3 (14%) Efanesoctocog alfa (ALTUVIIIO) 1 (4%) Emicizumab (HemLibra) 7 (32%) […]

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Quick Question Archive

Jun 17 2025

george

Neutrophil Extracellular Traps

Neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) research has gained prominence beginning in perhaps 2010. I’ve attached an open-access review that illustrates NETs‘ functions and shows how NETs connect neutrophils with hemostasis. The article also documents how NETs participate in the process of thrombosis. Click to download Huang G, Wu H, Lin B, et al. Targeting neutrophil extracellular […]

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Coagulation Specimen Management

Thanks to Tigist Bekalu for these specimen management questions… What should we do when there is lipemia, icterus (bilirubin), or hemolysis in coagulation tests? Which tests are affected and which are not? How are the results typically reported when we encounter hemolysis, icterus, or lipemia? Sometimes, instead of a number, it just says “Failed.” Also, […]

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Acquired von Willebrand Syndrome Review

FXI Deficiency and LAC

Diagnostic Equity Case: Prolonged PTT

Andexanet Alfa Withdrawn from the US Market

November 2025 QQ Summary: Historic Coag Factor Nomenclature

Protein C Concentrate Therapy

Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura

July 2025 QQ: Hemophilia Rebalancing Therapy

Neutrophil Extracellular Traps

Coagulation Specimen Management

George Fritsma MS MLS

Cheat Sheets from George

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